为提升山西省乃至我国北方旱作区的冬小麦生产能力和加快冬小麦品种更新换代，针对山西地区小麦生产面临干旱、冻害及“倒春寒”等多重胁迫，山西农业大学谷子研究所旱地小麦课题组以抗旱型冬小麦品种长 6878为母本、节水高产型冬小麦品种长 4738为父本配制杂交组合，采用水旱交叉穿梭选育策略，通过扩大群体选择与多年多点鉴定评价，成功培育出抗逆高产冬小麦新品种长 7170、长 6213。长 7170于 2017—2019年参加山西省中部冬麦区旱地组品种区域试验， 2 a 12点(次)平均折合产量为 4 486.5 kg/hm2，较对照品种长 6878增产 7.36%。长 6213于 2020 — 2022年参加山西省中部晚熟冬麦区旱地组品种区域试验， 2 a 12点(次)平均折合产量为 5 279.2 kg/hm2，较对照品种长 6878增产 9.48%。同时在详细阐述新品种长 7170、长 6213的选育过程、农艺性状、品质指标及产量表现的基础上，从合理组配是实现育种目标的基础；加大选择群体为分离不同类型材料创造了条件；选择表型差异大的材料，可减少同质化提高选择效率；品质育种的优化策略等方面总结了育种经验体会，为冬小麦抗逆高产育种提供了新思路、新方法及可借鉴范例。

To enhance the winter wheat production capacity of Shanxi Province and even the dry farming areas of northern Chi.na, and to accelerate the replacement and upgrading of winter wheat varieties, the Dryland Wheat Research Group of the Institute of Mil.let, Shanxi Agricultural University, developed a hybrid combination using the drought-resistant winter wheat variety Chang 6878 as thefemaleparentandthewater-saving,high-yieldwinterwheatvarietyChang 4738asthemaleparent,inresponsetomultiplestressesfaced by wheat production in Shanxi, including drought, freezing injury, and late spring coldness. By adopting a cross-shuttle breedingstrategybetween irrigatedand rainfedconditions, togetherwithexpandedpopulation selection andmulti-location identification andeval.uation, two new winter wheat varieties with stress resistance and high yield, Chang 7170 and Chang 6213, were successfully bred. Chang7170 participated in the regional variety experiment of the rainfed group in the central winter wheat region of Shanxi Province from 2017to 2019, with an averageequivalentyieldof 4 486.5 kg/hain 2 aacross 12sites(times),representinga 7.36% increaseoverthe control va.riety Chang 6878. Chang 6213 participated in the regional variety experiment of the rainfed group in the central late-maturing winterwheat region of Shanxi Province from 2020 to 2022, with an average equivalent yield of 5 279.2 kg/ha in 2 a across12 sites (times), repre.senting a 9.48% increase over the control variety Chang 6878. Based on a detailed description of the breeding process, agronomic traits,quality parameters, and yield performance of the new varieties Chang 7170 and Chang 6213, breeding experience was summarized fromthe following aspects such as rational parental combination is the foundation for achieving breeding objectives, enlarging the selectionpopulation creates conditions for separating different types of materials, selecting materials with large phenotypic differences can reducehomogenization and improve selection efficiency, and optimization strategies for quality breeding. These findings provide new ideas, newmethods, andusefulexamplesforstress-resistantandhigh-yieldbreeding of winterwheat.

S512.1