针对我国条锈病西北越夏菌源区陇南小麦品种抗病性极易丧失，严重影响小麦生产安全的问题，以小黑麦衍生系 9913-1-1-2为母本、以自育高产种质 00155-5-1-2-1为父本进行杂交，采用常规育种与分子标记辅助选择相结合的技术，经多代定向选育成功培育出抗病高产冬小麦新品种天选 83号。该品种于 2021—2023年参加甘肃省陇南片川区组冬小麦区域试验， 2a平均折合产量为 7 095.30 kg/hm2，较对照品种兰天 33号增产 6.01%；于 2023—2024年度参加甘肃省陇南片川区组冬小麦生产试验，平均折合产量为 6 734.76 kg/hm2，较对照品种兰天 33号增产 5.40%。品质分析结果显示，天选 83号籽粒含蛋白质 142.0 g/kg、湿面筋 317.0 g/kg，面团稳定时间 1.4 min，沉淀指数 16.5 mL，符合优质中筋小麦标准。成株期对条中 32号、条中 33号、条中 34号等条锈菌生理小种表现免疫。在海拔 2 100 m地区天选 83号越冬存活率为 89.45%~90.55%，适宜在年降水量 450~600 mm的陇南麦区川地种植。 10月 10—20日适期播种，通过氮磷配施及关键期水分调控、及时病虫害防控可最大化品种潜力。该品种的成功选育为甘肃陇南川地冬小麦抗病育种与可持续生产提供了理论依据与技术指导。

In view of the fact that the disease resistance of wheat varieties in Longnan, the northwest oversummering source ar.ea of stripe rust in China, is highly susceptible to breakdown, which poses a continuous threat to the safe production of wheat in the re.gion, in this study, the triticale derivative line 9913-1-1-2 was used as the female parent, and the self-bred high-yield germplasm00155-5-1-2-1 was used as the male parent for hybridization. Using the technical system combining conventional pedigree selectionand molecular marker-assisted selection, a new winter wheat variety Tianxuan 83 with disease resistance and high yield was bredthrough multi-generation directional selection and identification. The average equivalent yield of this variety in 2 a was 7 095.30 kg/ha,which was 6.01% higher than that of the control Lantian 33 in the regional experiment of winter wheat for the river valley area group ofLongnan in Gansu Province, 2021 to 2023. In the 2023 to 2024 production experiment of winter wheat for the river valley area group ofLongnan in Gansu Province, the average equivalent yield was 6 734.76 kg/ha, which was 5.40% higher than that of the control Lantian 33. Test results showed that the grain protein content was 142.0g/kg, the wet gluten content was 317.0 g/kg, the sedimentation indexwas 16.5 mL, the dough stability time was 1.4 min, and the quality index reached the standard of high-quality medium gluten wheat.At the adult plant stage, it exhibited immunity to stripe rust physiological races such as Tiaozhong 32, Tiaozhong 33, and Tiaozhong 34. In areas at an altitude of 2 100 m, the overwintering survival rate of Tianxuan 83 was 89.45% to 90.55%, and it is suitable for culti.vation in the river valley areas of the Longnan wheat-growing region with an annual precipitation of 450 to 600 mm. Timely sowingfrom October 10 to 20, together with combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, water regulation at critical growthstages, and timely prevention and control of diseases and pests, can maximize the varietal potential. The successful breeding of this va.riety provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for disease-resistant breeding and sustainable production of winter wheat inthe river valley area of Longnan, Gansu.

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